US Patents 8182554/8182555 - ZnO nanoparticle fuels for cold start conditions

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/8182554.html
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/8182555.html

These patents teaches a fuel composition including zinc oxide nanoparticles designed to decrease harmful exhaust emissions while increasing the octane rating. Claim 1 of the '555 patent reads:

1. A fuel composition comprising:

a liquid fuel;

suspended within the liquid fuel from about 5 ppm to about 60 ppm of nano-sized zinc oxide particles,

wherein at least about 95% by weight of the nano-sized zinc oxide particles having a size from about 1 nm to about 70 nm; and

from about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of a surfactant.